{"id":178534,"date":"2017-10-23T22:03:41","date_gmt":"2017-10-23T20:03:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scm.bz\/5th\/no-return-to-homs-a-case-study-on-demographic-engineering-in-syria.html"},"modified":"2017-10-23T22:03:41","modified_gmt":"2017-10-23T20:03:41","slug":"no-return-to-homs-a-case-study-on-demographic-engineering-in-syria","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/no-return-to-homs-a-case-study-on-demographic-engineering-in-syria\/","title":{"rendered":"No Return to Homs: A case study on demographic engineering in Syria"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-175817 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/No_Return2Homs.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/No_Return2Homs.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/No_Return2Homs-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/No_Return2Homs-150x86.jpg 150w, https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/No_Return2Homs-768x440.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">State-directed population displacement has become a defining feature of the Syrian conflict. Through a strategy of siege, starve, destroy, and transfer, the Syrian government \u2013 aided by its allies Russia and Iran \u2013 has displaced hundreds of thousands of civilians from rural and urban centers in Damascus, Aleppo, and Homs that rebelled against the rule of Bashar al-Assad, contributing to a crisis that has seen more than half of all Syrians driven from their homes. In addition to the often-catastrophic physical damage inflicted on the infrastructure of depopulated areas and the immense physical and psychological harm wrought on the displaced, this forcible displacement strategy has long-term disruptive cultural and socioeconomic implications that will complicate Syria\u2019s prospects for future peace and reconciliation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This report explores the mechanisms and impacts of state-led demographic engineering in Syria through a case study of Homs city, which in 2014 became the first major urban center to succumb to the government\u2019s siege and destroy strategy. The goal of this study is to understand what has happened to Homs city and its displaced residents in order to highlight continuing challenges for the displaced, to identify lessons that can improve the response of international actors, and to better understand the dynamics playing out today in other Syrian cities and towns targeted by the government\u2019s forced displacement strategy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This case study first presents background on Homs city and an overview of the course of the conflict from the start of protests in 2011 through the destruction and depopulation of much of the city center by mid-2014. It explores the aftermath of the siege and examines the role played by the United Nations in post-siege developments. The analysis and discussion throughout the report is informed by interviews, conversations, and surveys conducted with former residents of Homs city who were displaced between 2011-2014.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This report shows that the government\u2019s displacement strategy in Homs city is a form of demographic engineering, which seeks to permanently manipulate the population along sectarian lines in order to consolidate the government\u2019s power base. Former residents of Homs continued to face persecution even after their initial displacement and many are trapped under siege in other parts of the governorate to this day. Interviewees identified a long list of physical and administrative barriers created by the Syrian government that prevent them from returning to their homes. As a result, they are effectively excluded from rebuilding efforts undertaken by the Syrian government in cooperation with UN agencies with the support of foreign donor states. <\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Under these conditions, international support for Syrian government efforts to rebuild the Homs neighborhoods that it intentionally destroyed and depopulated may serve to incentivize similar atrocities elsewhere by paying the government \u201cwar crimes dividends\u201d instead of holding it accountable. Indeed, the \u2018Homs model\u2019 has served as a blueprint for the destruction and depopulation of other key locations such as Darayya and eastern Aleppo in 2016. <\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The scale, scope, and nature of forced displacements from places like Homs city present a formidable challenge to future stability in Syria. National reconciliation will be unable to move forward without addressing complex issues of repatriation and property rights. In this sense, premature rebuilding efforts in places like Homs city that lack conflict-sensitivity can reinforce injustices, deepen sectarian schisms, and create new grievances that will undermine progress towards a solution and lay the groundwork for future conflict.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Physical reconstruction efforts in places like Homs should be undertaken only as part of a holistic, conflict-sensitive recovery strategy that combines conditional reconstruction support with efforts address the rights, concerns, and priorities of the displaced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><a href=\"http:\/\/syriainstitute.org\/2017\/02\/21\/no-return-to-homs-a-case-study-on-demographic-engineering-in-syria\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This report<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> was prepared by The <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/syriainstitute.org\/#home\/1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Syria Institute<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with support from the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.paxforpeace.nl\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PAX<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> team.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To download PDF Copy: <a href=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/pax-tsi-no-return-to-homs.pdf\">English<\/a> \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/pax-tsi-no-return-to-homs-arabic.pdf\">Arabic<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To read the report:<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; State-directed population displacement has become a defining feature of the Syrian conflict. Through a strategy of siege, starve, destroy, and transfer, the Syrian government \u2013 aided by its allies Russia and Iran \u2013 has displaced hundreds of thousands of civilians from rural and urban centers in Damascus, Aleppo, and Homs that rebelled against the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":180259,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[313],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-178534","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fifth-estate","post-wrapper"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.6 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>No Return to Homs: A case study on demographic engineering in Syria - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a 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