{"id":177721,"date":"2017-05-02T12:55:50","date_gmt":"2017-05-02T10:55:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scm.bz\/annual_archive\/arms-control.html"},"modified":"2017-05-02T12:55:50","modified_gmt":"2017-05-02T10:55:50","slug":"arms-control","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/","title":{"rendered":"ARMS CONTROL"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"image-header--sunken image-header--has-credits-md\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<div id=\"attachment_172745\" style=\"width: 2954px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-172745\" class=\"wp-image-172745 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Armed_Control.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2944\" height=\"1239\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-172745\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u00a9 Amnesty International<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"container--full-bleed-padded\" dir=\"ltr\">\n<div class=\"image-header--sunken image-header--has-credits-md\">\n<div class=\"image-header__content--fullwidth\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"container--full-bleed-padded\">\n<div class=\"grid\">\n<div class=\"col col--1\/2--md\">\n<div class=\"col__content\">\n<div class=\"wysiwyg\" data-start-content=\"\">\n<h2>Overview<\/h2>\n<p>A global Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) became international law on 24 December 2014.<\/p>\n<p>The ATT means that every state that has signed-up must now obey strict rules on international arms transfers. This will at last help to stem the flow of weapons that fuel bloody conflicts, atrocities and state repression around the world.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s rare to get a direct win that will help save thousands of lives, but after relentless lobbying and campaigning since the early-1990s, Amnesty and its partners have done exactly that.<\/p>\n<p>The Treaty\u2019s rules are simple \u2013 if a country knows that the arms about to be sold will be used for genocide, crimes against humanity, or war crimes, then they must stop the transfer.<\/p>\n<p>The work doesn\u2019t not stop here. The ATT gives us crucial ground rules for the global arms trade. Now we must make sure that it is strictly put into action and more states get on board.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/disarmament.un.org\/treaties\/t\/att\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-ga=\"event,Outgoing links,Click,external\"><em>Is my country signed-up to the Arms Trade Treaty?<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<h2>The problem<\/h2>\n<p>Every day, thousands of people are killed, injured or forced to flee their homes because of violence and armed conflict.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Conflict<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The majority of casualties in armed conflict are civilians. Weapons such as missiles destroy hospitals, homes, markets and transport systems, pushing survivors into poverty. People\u2019s lives are destroyed. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, for example, it is estimated that more than five million people died indirectly because of armed conflict since 1998.<\/p>\n<p>For every person who is killed in armed conflict and armed violence, many more are injured, tortured, abused, or kidnapped at gun point.<\/p>\n<p><strong>On the streets<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Weapons aren\u2019t just on the battle fields, they often end up on the streets, fuelling violence in communities. Three-quarters of deaths cause by armed violence take place in non-conflict situations. In places like Central America domestic violence and killings of women are frequently committed with small arms bought on the black market.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe poor and under-privileged innocent bystanders \u2013 women, children, old men \u2013 always lose. I have seen the prolonged misery and suffering of these poor people in DRC and it is truly heart-rending,\u201d<br \/>\nMujahid Alam, retired Pakistani Brigadier General who served on UN Peacekeeping missions in the DRC and Kosovo.<\/p>\n<p><strong>State repression<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Weapons are also a tool for state repression. In too many countries around the world security forces use firearms against unarmed, peaceful protestors or to commit other human rights abuses.<\/p>\n<h2>Amnesty is calling for<\/h2>\n<p>Governments who are serious about stopping the abuse need to:<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Ratify the Arms Trade Treaty.<br \/>\n\u2022 Create or amend national laws to reflect the rules of the treaty.<br \/>\n\u2022 Implement those laws effectively.<\/p>\n<h2>The issue in detail<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Who is (ir)responsible?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Trade details are often shrouded in secrecy, but the value of the international trade in conventional weapons is estimated to be USD$100 billion annually.<\/p>\n<p>Most deals are carried out by manufacturing and trading companies, military service providers, arms brokers and dealers, but it is governments who have a duty to protect their populations.<\/p>\n<p>Only states can control the trade by granting or refusing licenses, and only states can prohibit certain inhumane types of arms and impose arms embargoes and suspensions. Unfortunately these governments have not always lived up to their obligations:<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 China has supplied ammunition and small arms to Sudan, where they are used by security forces and militia in Darfur, as well as to South Sudan and to the DRC.<br \/>\n\u2022 France has supplied arms to Libya under al-Gaddafi, Egypt, Israel and Chad, and Syria between 2005 and 2009.<br \/>\n\u2022 10% of all Russian arms exports are believed to go to Syria, making it Syria\u2019s largest arms supplier. It has also supplied helicopter gunships to Sudan and is set to be a major exporter of military equipment to Egypt.<br \/>\n\u2022 The UK has supplied arms to countries with high-risk behaviour when it comes to human rights abuses, such as Sri Lanka.<br \/>\n\u2022 The USA has supplied arms to more than 170 countries. It has restricted arms transfers to Myanmar, China, Sri Lanka and Zimbabwe but hasn\u2019t taken the same precautions against Iraq, Israel, Sri Lanka, Bahrain, Egypt and Yemen.<\/p>\n<h2>Quick glossary<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Crimes against humanity<\/strong> &#8211; crimes committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against civilians during peace or war time. Including, enforced <a title=\"Disappearances\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/what-we-do\/disappearances\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">disappearances<\/a>, killings, enslavement, deportation and mass, systematic rape.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Genocide<\/strong> &#8211; acts committed with the intent to destroy, completely or partially, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group.<\/p>\n<p><strong>War crimes<\/strong> &#8211; crimes that violate the laws or customs of war defined by the Geneva and Hague Conventions. Including targeting civilians, torture, murder or ill-treatment of prisoners of war.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Source:<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amnesty.org\/en\/what-we-do\/arms-control\/\">\u00a0Amnesty International<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Overview A global Arms Trade Treaty (ATT) became international law on 24 December 2014. The ATT means that every state that has signed-up must now obey strict rules on international arms transfers. This will at last help to stem the flow of weapons that fuel bloody conflicts, atrocities and state repression around the world. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":179205,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[115],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-177721","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-annual-archive","post-wrapper"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.6 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>ARMS CONTROL - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"%\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ARMS CONTROL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"%\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scm.center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-05-02T10:55:50+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Armed_Control-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1077\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"scmadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SyrianCenter\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SyrianCenter\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"scmadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"scmadmin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/#\/schema\/person\/d116d4c43d9f3d4fe4b61619e91ead45\"},\"headline\":\"ARMS CONTROL\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-05-02T10:55:50+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/\"},\"wordCount\":776,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Armed_Control-scaled.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Annual Archive\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/arms-control\/\",\"name\":\"ARMS CONTROL - 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