{"id":175739,"date":"2017-10-18T15:44:41","date_gmt":"2017-10-18T13:44:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scm.bz\/?p=175739"},"modified":"2017-11-21T20:17:34","modified_gmt":"2017-11-21T18:17:34","slug":"press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Press at risk as EU-based companies export surveillance software to hostile regimes"},"content":{"rendered":"
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A photojournalists with his mouth tapped holds up his camera as he demonstrates with fellow colleagues in front of the journalist’s syndicate in Cairo against repeated attacks on members of the press in Egypt on April 4, 2014. AFP PHOTO \/ MAHMOUD KHALED<\/p><\/div>\n

By\u00a0Marwa Morgan,
\nMiddle East and North Africa Program Intern\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n

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In August, Danish Foreign Minister Anders Samuelsen\u00a0told<\/a>\u00a0the daily newspaper\u00a0Information<\/i>\u00a0that the government had\u00a0authorized<\/a>\u00a0sales<\/a>\u00a0of online surveillance software to several Middle Eastern countries. While acknowledging the potential for human rights violations that could result from the use of these tools, the minister said that Denmark has an interest in the fight against “terror” groups, especially the militant group Islamic State.Denmark is not alone when it comes to surveillance exports. According to a\u00a02016 policy review<\/a>\u00a0by the European Commission, three EU member states issued 27 export licenses of mobile surveillance in 2015 alone, and denied only two. The review said that intrusion software–which allows the covert interception and monitoring of online activity–exported from companies registered in EU member states was connected to government-sponsored online attacks directed at journalists, activists and human rights defenders\u00a0<\/b>in countries including Morocco, the United Arab Emirates, and Bahrain.<\/b>The review\u00a0<\/b>estimated the dual-use technologies market in 2014 was worth \u20ac2.8 billion ($3.3 billion).<\/b>The review did not specify details about the countries or licenses exported, but news outlets and human rights groups have separately reported that surveillance software from EU-based companies was exported to countries under EU sanctions–including\u00a0Syria<\/a>,\u00a0Iran<\/a>, and\u00a0Yemen<\/a>. The sanctions prohibit the export of tools that can be used for “internal repression.”Current<\/a>\u00a0EU legislation on technologies, including cyber surveillance tools, specify licensing criteria between EU member states and non-EU countries, but leaves licensing decisions at a country’s discretion. On October 12, the EU parliament will vote on\u00a0proposed<\/a>\u00a0legislation that will bind member states to a set of regulations and include a review mechanism that examines the potential abuse of these tools against journalists and activists.The EU proposal, which is focused on changing regulation rather than penalizing a specific company, is a welcome move. Of course, any proposals for reforming laws should be framed to ensure journalists are protected from surveillance and still able to access the tools they need to work and to stay safe online.CPJ has\u00a0documented<\/a>\u00a0a growing\u00a0trend<\/a>\u00a0of governments\u00a0cracking<\/a>\u00a0down<\/a>\u00a0on independent journalism in the name of fighting terrorism\u00a0worldwide<\/a>. In addition to mass surveillance, journalists have also been\u00a0targeted<\/a>\u00a0in phishing and hacking attacks that\u00a0create<\/a>\u00a0a chilling effect among independent journalists and small news organizations that cannot afford tools to protect themselves.In response to that trend, CPJ has joined the\u00a0Coalition Against the Unlawful Surveillance Exports<\/a>\u00a0(CAUSE), a coalition set up by civil society groups to ensure that surveillance technology exports do not contribute to human rights violations.<\/p>\n

In some cases, government surveillance has forced journalists to leave their home country. Freelance journalist Houssam al-Deen said he knew he must had been “on the radar” for a long time before he had to flee Syria in 2011. Al-Deen told CPJ that during his military service in 2001, he learned that in addition to targeting journalists and activists, the Syrian government owned what was then state-of-the-art software that could scan e-mail messages for keywords. Al-Deen, who had worked for 14 years with international media outlets as a freelancer, said he felt vulnerable when several journalists were\u00a0arrested<\/a>\u00a0while reporting on the civil war.<\/p>\n

To try to protect himself, he logged on from different computers in internet caf\u00e9s and made sure to delete all files and clear passwords after use. Yet these precautions were not enough protect him. Al-Deen said that while he was on a video call with his editors at the BBC in 2011, the police raided the internet caf\u00e9 he was working from and arrested him.<\/p>\n

“They had detailed logs of all my online activity and they confronted me with them during the interrogation,” he said.<\/p>\n

The journalist, who was facing charges of espionage, said he had to pay $30,000 as a bribe to be released after spending two days in custody. He now lives as a refugee in Germany, where he works as an aid worker. “I was lucky that I had money,” he said. “I would have been doomed otherwise.”<\/p>\n

CPJ and other rights organizations are aware of several journalists in at least 10 countries in the Middle East who said that they believe security agencies used cyber-attacks try to target or intimidate them.<\/b><\/p>\n

Additionally, in Egypt since May 2017,\u00a0at least 434<\/a>\u00a0websites<\/a>, including more than 90\u00a0news<\/a>\u00a0outlets<\/a>\u00a0and\u00a0blogs<\/a>\u00a0have been blocked, according to local rights group\u00a0Association for Freedom of Thought and Expression<\/a>. The state-owned Middle East News Agency\u00a0reported<\/a>\u00a0that government was behind the order to block the sites. The government did not issue an official statement or comment, according to reports.<\/b><\/p>\n

In 2015, the EU\u00a0released an action plan<\/a>\u00a0to defend human rights around the world. Yet by allowing countries such as Syria, Iran, and Yemen–all countries that, as CPJ research shows, have a poor press freedom record–access to surveillance software, the EU is failing to uphold its pledge.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n

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Marwa Morgan is CPJ’s Middle East and North Africa program intern. She previously worked as a reporter and photojournalist for Ahram Online and Daily News Egypt. Her freelance work was published in several international outlets, including The Guardian and NPR. She holds a Master of Science in journalism from Boston University.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Source: CPJ<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By\u00a0Marwa Morgan, Middle East and North Africa Program Intern\u00a0 In August, Danish Foreign Minister Anders Samuelsen\u00a0told\u00a0the daily newspaper\u00a0Information\u00a0that the government had\u00a0authorized\u00a0sales\u00a0of online surveillance software to several Middle Eastern countries. While acknowledging the potential for human rights violations that could result from the use of these tools, the minister said that Denmark has an interest in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":175735,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-175739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-violations","post-wrapper"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPress at risk as EU-based companies export surveillance software to hostile regimes - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"%\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Press at risk as EU-based companies export surveillance software to hostile regimes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"%\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scm.center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-10-18T13:44:41+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-11-21T18:17:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Journalist.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"357\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"scmadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SyrianCenter\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SyrianCenter\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"scmadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"scmadmin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/#\/schema\/person\/d116d4c43d9f3d4fe4b61619e91ead45\"},\"headline\":\"Press at risk as EU-based companies export surveillance software to hostile regimes\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-10-18T13:44:41+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-11-21T18:17:34+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/\"},\"wordCount\":923,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/Journalist.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/press-at-risk-as-eu-based-companies-export-surveillance-software-to-hostile-regimes-2\/\",\"name\":\"Press at risk as EU-based companies export surveillance software to hostile regimes - 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