{"id":168128,"date":"2016-05-20T13:16:15","date_gmt":"2016-05-20T13:16:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dev.tda-sy.org\/?p=168128"},"modified":"2017-11-21T19:12:54","modified_gmt":"2017-11-21T17:12:54","slug":"iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scm.bz\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/","title":{"rendered":"(en)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"direction: ltr;\">Read the piece on the Atlantic Council website <a href=\"http:\/\/www.atlanticcouncil.org\/blogs\/syriasource\/iran-deal-fuels-syria-s-war\">here.<\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_168129\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-168129\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-168129\" src=\"http:\/\/dev.tda-sy.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/05\/assad-300x187.jpg\" alt=\"Syria's President Bashar al-Assad meets with Ali Akbar Velayati (L), Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei's top adviser on international affairs, in this handout picture provided by SANA on May 7, 2016. SANA\/Handout via REUTERS \" width=\"300\" height=\"187\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-168129\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Syria&#8217;s President Bashar al-Assad meets with Ali Akbar Velayati (L), Iran&#8217;s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei&#8217;s top adviser on international affairs, in this handout picture provided by SANA on May 7, 2016. SANA\/Handout via REUTERS<\/p><\/div>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr;\">In 2015, President Obama announced the framework for the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, more commonly known as the Iran deal. Obama<a href=\"http:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/magazine\/2014\/01\/27\/going-the-distance-david-remnick\">claimed<\/a> that a deal would make Iran \u201coperate in a responsible fashion.\u201d Obama\u2019s adviser Ben Rhodes <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/view\/articles\/2015-07-10\/iran-wields-a-stick-obama-offers-carrots-\">said<\/a> that the deal would \u201cproduce an evolution in Iran\u2019s behavior\u201d and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/05\/08\/magazine\/the-aspiring-novelist-who-became-obamas-foreign-policy-guru.html?_r=0\">ran<\/a> a sophisticated media campaign to promote the Iran deal, spinning the facts in a misleading and even false manner according to the recent <em>New York Times<\/em> article. Contrary to their claims, Iran has increased its regional aggression, particularly in Syria, by propping up the Assad regime, and refusing to cooperate with the United States to reach a political settlement in Syria and fight the Islamic State (ISIS).<\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: ltr;\">As the Iran agreement was finalized in 2015, the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) deployed\u00a0fifteen thousand <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonexaminer.com\/iran-sends-15000-troops-to-support-assad-in-syria\/article\/2565691\">troops<\/a> in Syria. Qassem Suleimani, head of the IRGC,\u00a0then <a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-mideast-crisis-syria-soleimani-insigh-idUSKCN0S02BV20151006\">visited<\/a> Moscow to coordinate the Russian military intervention in Syria and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtoninstitute.org\/policy-analysis\/view\/iranian-casualties-in-syria-and-the-strategic-logic-of-intervention\">sent<\/a> an additional 2,500 IRGC troops to Syria. The surge continues and in April 2016, Iran <a href=\"http:\/\/www.i24news.tv\/en\/news\/international\/middle-east\/108495-160404-iran-sends-special-forces-to-syria-as-advisors-report\">committed<\/a> regular army units from the 65th Nohed Brigade, which analysts <a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2016\/04\/iran-army-brigade-65-green-berets-syria-dep\">estimate<\/a> at 100-200 green beret commandos, marking the first deployment of Iranian troops since the Iran-Iraq War. Further confirming Iran\u2019s increased involvement is the loss of Iranian soldiers: Iranian <a href=\"http:\/\/www.levantinegroup.com\/#!Infographic-Analysis-How-Irans-troops-wage-Assads-most-decisive-battles\/c21xo\/572757f80cf224950abbbb59\">casualties<\/a> in the past six months equaled its first two years of operations in Syria, and last week, IRGC military advisers sustained thirteen<a href=\"http:\/\/www.worldtribune.com\/iran-suffers-worst-single-day-casualties-in-syrian-war\/\">deaths<\/a>\u00a0in Syria, marking it the biggest single-day loss.<\/p>\n<p>The increase in foreign fighters in Syria is in large part due to Iran\u2019s sponsorship, which includes the Iraqi Harakazat, Hezbollah al-Nuajaba,<a href=\"http:\/\/jihadintel.meforum.org\/group\/184\/liwa-zainebiyoun\">Pakistani<\/a> Liwa Zainebiyoun, and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-middle-east-36035095\">Afghan<\/a> Hazaras. To further encourage foreign fighters to support the Assad cause, Iran\u2019s parliament passed a law to provide<a href=\"http:\/\/www.thetower.org\/3304-new-iranian-law-could-give-citizenship-to-families-of-foreigners-killed-fighting-for-assad\/\">citizenship<\/a> for the families of fighters who died in Syria, and produced music videos encouraging <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnsnews.com\/news\/article\/patrick-goodenough\/iran-state-tv-airs-video-encouraging-children-fight-syria-i-am\">children<\/a> to fight. Iran is not only sending foreign militias to assist Assad, but to further a sectarian cleansing campaign. Iranian-backed Shia militias have targeted Sunni neighborhoods to cleanse them and change their demographic composition. In Homs, Yabrud, and southern Damascus, they have demolished civilian areas, implemented sieges, and <a href=\"https:\/\/now.mmedia.me\/lb\/en\/NewsReports\/566928-hezbollah-evicting-residents-of-syria-border-town-activists\">evicted civilian residents<\/a>. Iranian funded <a href=\"http:\/\/online.wsj.com\/public\/resources\/documents\/NaameShaamReport05182015.pdf\">urban reconstruction plans<\/a>\u00a0replace the emptied areas with new housing developments which are sold to foreign militias.<\/p>\n<p>The case of Madaya is particularly egregious. When the Assad regime failed to capture the town of Zabadani in July and August of 2015, Iran <a href=\"http:\/\/syriadirect.org\/news\/another-zabadani-ceasefire-as-negotiations-continue-with-iran\/\">negotiated<\/a> a ceasefire with the Islamist rebel-group Ahrar al-Sham that entailed the sectarian cleansing of all civilians in Zabadani and the passage of civilians from Shiite towns to Damascus. Iran\u2019s proposed ceasefire <a href=\"http:\/\/www.annahar.com\/article\/269215-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%8A%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82-%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B4%D8%A3%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7\">stipulated<\/a> that civilians would be allowed to stay in Zabadani and that there would be humanitarian access to Madaya. Yet as soon as the rebels left, Iran\u2019s proxy <a href=\"https:\/\/news.vice.com\/article\/children-are-eating-leaves-off-the-trees-the-nightmare-of-the-siege-of-madaya-syria\">Hezbollah<\/a> rounded up civilians in Zabadani and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.al-monitor.com\/pulse\/originals\/2015\/09\/syria-zabadani-madaya-regime-hezbollah-displacement-refugees.html\">expelled them<\/a> into Madaya, putting them under siege in what the United Nations <a href=\"http:\/\/www.thenational.ae\/world\/middle-east\/suffering-in-besieged-madaya-has-no-precedent-in-syria-war-un\">called<\/a> the \u201cworst suffering\u201d since the beginning of the Syrian conflict. Under the Iranian military arm, Hezbollah instituted checkpoints and minefields to prevent civilians from escaping. This tactic succeeded in entrapping and killing dozens including <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cbsnews.com\/news\/syria-teen-dead-starvation-in-front-of-our-eyes-un-children-agency\/\">children<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Hezbollah\u2019s entry into the Syrian conflict in May 2013 has been one of the key factors in exacerbating Sunni extremism, sidelining the moderate opposition and transforming the conflict into a sectarian war. According to <em>The Day After<\/em>organization\u2019s <a href=\"http:\/\/tda-sy.org\/english-sectarianism-in-syria-survey-study\/?lang=en\">survey<\/a> about sectarianism in Syria, respondents consider Hezbollah to be the most sectarian entity in Syria, with 87.4 percent ranking it \u201cvery sectarian,\u201d ahead of even ISIS and the Assad regime. In response to Hezbollah\u2019s actions, regional preachers such as Sheikh Yusuf al-Qaradawi advocated for <a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/syria-crisis-region-idUSL5N0EI15020130606\">jihad<\/a> in Syria against Shiites and Alawites whom he called \u201cworse than Jews and Christians.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Rather than speak out against Iran\u2019s actions in Syria, the US administration has kept quiet and instead, to protect the Iran deal, reassured Iran that the US actions in Syria would not harm Iranian interests. Secretary of State John Kerry<a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnsnews.com\/news\/article\/patrick-goodenough\/kerry-there-role-iran-anti-isis-effort\">said<\/a> there was a role for Iran in the anti-ISIS effort and even <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rt.com\/usa\/338842-kerry-iran-yemen-syria\/\">asked<\/a> for Iranian assistance to help end the war in Syria. The United States <a href=\"http:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/us-syria-crisis-usa-iran-idUSKCN0HI2F220140923\">reassured<\/a> Iran during negotiations that US air strikes in Syria would not weaken the Assad regime, and Obama followed up <a href=\"http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2015\/09\/28\/obama-opens-the-door-to-a-syria-deal-with-russia-and-iran\/\">saying<\/a> that he was prepared to work with Iran to solve the Syrian conflict. According to a study by defense consultancy IHS-Janes, Assad and ISIS are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.janes.com\/article\/46898\/syrian-military-and-isis-have-been-ignoring-each-other-on-the-battlefield\">\u201cignoring each other on the battlefield\u201d<\/a>, and Assad, Iranian, and Hezbollah forces <a href=\"http:\/\/www.understandingwar.org\/sites\/default\/files\/JPG%20Russian%20Airstrikes%2029%20FEB%20-%2015%20MAR-01_5.jpg\">are fighting in<\/a> areas with almost no ISIS presence. In fact, Ray Tayekh and Reul Marc Grecht <a href=\"https:\/\/www.foreignaffairs.com\/articles\/syria\/2015-11-15\/irans-isis-trap\">have argued<\/a> Iran is using ISIS\u2019s ascendance in Syria and Iraq to consolidate its power. Iran has <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cnn.com\/2015\/09\/22\/middleeast\/iran-sacred-defense-military-parade\/\">grown more<\/a> intransigent regarding the fate of Assad and rejected cooperating against ISIS since the deal was signed.<\/p>\n<p>After lifting the sanctions, Iranian officials have become less likely to compromise in diplomatic negotiations on Syria. President Hassan Rouhani<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wsj.com\/articles\/iranian-president-hassan-rouhani-pledges-new-relationship-with-france-1453978881\">dismissed<\/a> calls for Assad to go during a visit to France in January. Iran maintains Assad\u2019s departure is a red line, and Supreme Leader Ali Khamanei has framed the conflict as a \u201csacred war,\u201d <a href=\"http:\/\/aa.com.tr\/en\/politics\/islam-fighting-disbelief-in-syria-iran-s-khamenei-\/527121\">saying<\/a> if Iranians fail to fight for Assad \u201cthe enemy will attack Iran.\u201d Last week in a meeting with Assad in Damascus, Ali Akbar Velayti, a senior adviser to the Supreme Leader, <a href=\"https:\/\/armenpress.am\/eng\/news\/846532\/iran-supports-syria-in-fight-against-terrorism.html\">said<\/a> that Iran would &#8220;mobilize all resources to fight terrorists [in Syria]&#8230; regardless of the ridiculous categorization of those terrorists as moderates and extremists.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>President Obama garnered support for the Iran deal on the assertion that Iran would then moderate its behavior, but this has proven to be false. Changing Iran\u2019s behavior will require Obama to acknowledge that the Iran deal has empowered Iran\u2019s aggressive behavior in Syria, and then begin to consider penalizing policies. Such steps include reinstituting sanctions on Iran for its support for terrorism and human rights violations in Syria as Senators Marco Rubio and Mark Kirk have <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kirk.senate.gov\/?p=press_release&amp;id=1693\">proposed<\/a>, and preventing travel to the United States and freezing the assets of Iranian public officials who are involved with war crimes in Syria. To do otherwise is to allow, and even encourage, Iran to continue to support the Assad regime\u2019s brutal policies against the Syrian people.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Suhayla Sibaai<\/strong> is the Communications and Advocacy Officer for <\/em>The Day After<em>.<\/em><br \/>\n<strong><em>Omar Hossino<\/em><\/strong><em> is Director of Outreach at the Syrian American Council.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Read the piece on the Atlantic Council website here. In 2015, President Obama announced the framework for the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, more commonly known as the Iran deal. Obamaclaimed that a deal would make Iran \u201coperate in a responsible fashion.\u201d Obama\u2019s adviser Ben Rhodes said that the deal would \u201cproduce an evolution in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":168129,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-168128","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-syrian_scene","post-wrapper"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.6 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>(en) - \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"%\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"(en)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"%\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 Syrian Center for Media and Freedom of Expression\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/scm.center\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-05-20T13:16:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2017-11-21T17:12:54+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/SCM-logo-1-with-Clear-Space-1-2.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1450\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1450\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"scmadmin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@SyrianCenter\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@SyrianCenter\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"scmadmin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"scmadmin\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/#\/schema\/person\/d116d4c43d9f3d4fe4b61619e91ead45\"},\"headline\":\"(en)\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-05-20T13:16:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2017-11-21T17:12:54+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/\"},\"wordCount\":1105,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/scm.bz\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"\",\"articleSection\":[\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/20.93.6.125\/en\/iran-deal-fuels-syrias-war-tdas-suhayla-sibaai-piece-in-the-atlantic-council\/\",\"name\":\"(en) - 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